Mailvelope is hardcore E2EE! I like! ❤️
But, it's more likely that the recipient has S/MIME.
Either way, both those methods require exchanging public keys before sending the first encrypted email.
Gmail's built-in Confidential Mode, or simply sharing a Document, does not require any such previous exchange.
That's also what some external services offer, a way to "send secure email" without prior arrangement with the recipient.
HOWEVER, none of that is defined as true E2EE, as that requires only you and the recipient holds the crypto keys, nobody else.
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